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The maize lipoxygenase, ZmLOX10, mediates green leaf volatile, jasmonate and herbivoreāinduced plant volatile production for defense against insect attack
Christensen, Shawn A. Nemchenko, Andriy Borrego, Eli Murray, Ian Sobhy, Islam S. Bosak, Liz DeBlasio, Stacy Erb, Matthias Robert, Christelle A. M. Vaughn, Kathy A.
Christensen, Shawn A.
Nemchenko, Andriy
Borrego, Eli
Murray, Ian
Sobhy, Islam S.
Bosak, Liz
DeBlasio, Stacy
Erb, Matthias
Robert, Christelle A. M.
Vaughn, Kathy A.
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2012-12-20
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Abstract
Fatty acid derivatives are of central importance for plant immunity against insect herbivores; however, major regulatory genes and the signals that modulate these defense metabolites are vastly understudied, especially in important agro-economic monocot species. Here we show that products and signals derived from a single Zea mays (maize) lipoxygenase (LOX), ZmLOX10, are critical for both direct and indirect defenses to herbivory. We provide genetic evidence that two 13-LOXs, ZmLOX10 and ZmLOX8, specialize in providing substrate for the green leaf volatile (GLV) and jasmonate (JA) biosynthesis pathways, respectively. Supporting the specialization of these LOX isoforms, LOX8 and LOX10 are localized to two distinct cellular compartments, indicating that the JA and GLV biosynthesis pathways are physically separated in maize. Reduced expression of JA biosynthesis genes and diminished levels of JA in lox10 mutants indicate that LOX10-derived signaling is required for LOX8-mediated JA. The possible role of GLVs in JA signaling is supported by their ability to partially restore wound-induced JA levels in lox10 mutants. The impaired ability of lox10 mutants to produce GLVs and JA led to dramatic reductions in herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) and attractiveness to parasitoid wasps. Because LOX10 is under circadian rhythm regulation, this study provides a mechanistic link to the diurnal regulation of GLVs and HIPVs. GLV-, JA- and HIPV-deficient lox10 mutants display compromised resistance to insect feeding, both under laboratory and field conditions, which is strong evidence that LOX10-dependent metabolites confer immunity against insect attack. Hence, this comprehensive gene to agro-ecosystem study reveals the broad implications of a single LOX isoform in herbivore defense.
Citation
Christensen, S. A., Nemchenko, A., Borrego, E., Murray, I., Sobhy, I. S., Bosak, L., DeBlasio, S., Erb, M., Robert, C. A. M., Vaughn, K. A., Herrfurth, C., Tumlinson, J., Feussner, I., Jackson, D., Turlings, T. C. J., Engelberth, J., Nansen, C., Meeley, R., Kolomiets, M. V. (2013). The maize lipoxygenase, ZmLOX10, mediates green leaf volatile, jasmonate and herbivoreāinduced plant volatile production for defense against insect attack. The Plant Journal, 74(1), 59-73. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.12101
Publisher
Wiley
Journal
The Plant Journal
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Article
Language
en
Description
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: [Christensen, S. A., Nemchenko, A., Borrego, E., Murray, I., Sobhy, I. S., Bosak, L., DeBlasio, S., Erb, M., Robert, C. A. M., Vaughn, K. A., Herrfurth, C., Tumlinson, J., Feussner, I., Jackson, D., Turlings, T. C. J., Engelberth, J., Nansen, C., Meeley, R., Kolomiets, M. V. (2013). The maize lipoxygenase, ZmLOX10, mediates green leaf volatile, jasmonate and herbivoreāinduced plant volatile production for defense against insect attack. The Plant Journal, 74(1), 59-73], which has been published in final form at [https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.12101]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wileyās version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.
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ISSN
0960-7412
EISSN
1365-313X
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