Bringing services to communities: Identifying service users at risk of developing cardiovascular disease through mobile opportunistic screening in deprived or underserved communities

Abstract

Objective: Individuals in areas of high deprivation face significant health inequalities with a higher prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Whilst some factors are non-modifiable, early identification of modifiable factors and appropriate intervention can improve health outcomes. We assessed modifiable risk factors, particularly in persons with no medical history. Study design: A retrospective cross-sectional study using data of persons attending a mobile opportunistic screening clinic. Method: Data was extracted from the records of 2973 attendees (≥18 years) in Cheshire & Merseyside, January-June 2023 using a standard approach. We classed CVD risk factors as either modifiable or non-modifiable. We grouped the data into those with no risk factors, one or two, and three or more, in relation to their self-reported medical history or clinical findings. Results: Within the total study population of 2973, 79% had at least one modifiable risk factor for CVD. Our logistic regression model highlighted that non-modifiable factors age and sex were significant predictors of CVD, while males had higher odds than females to report CVD. Of our modifiable factors, only hypertension and mental health diagnosis were significant predictors. BMI was excluded from the multivariable analysis due to missing data. Conclusion: Mobile screening provides improved equitable access to services and engages with underserved communities to deliver targeted health care. It identifies CVD risk in an asymptomatic population, and patients with poorly controlled conditions. This model is highly acceptable to service users and is flexible and targeted in its activities and placement.