Extrinsic and intrinsic factors affecting the activity budget of alpine marmots ( Marmota marmota )
Authors
Ferrari, Caterina; orcid: 0000-0002-6316-9706; email: caterina.ferrari@unito.it; email: caterinaww@gmail.comPasquaretta, Cristian; orcid: 0000-0001-8308-9968
Caprio, Enrico; orcid: 0000-0002-5997-5959
Ranghetti, Luigi
Bogliani, Giuseppe; orcid: 0000-0001-9066-6540
Rolando, Antonio; orcid: 0000-0002-3432-1780
Bertolino, Sandro; orcid: 0000-0002-1063-8281
Bassano, Bruno
von Hardenberg, Achaz; orcid: 0000-0002-9899-1687
Publication Date
2022-03-15Submitted date
2021-05-24
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Abstract: Extrinsic and intrinsic factors may influence the activity budget of wild animals, resulting in a variation in the time spent in different activities among populations or individuals of the same species. In this study, we examined how extrinsic and intrinsic factors affect the behaviour of the alpine marmot (Marmota marmota), a hibernating social rodent inhabiting high-elevation prairies in the European Alps. We collected behavioural observations during scan sampling sessions on marked individuals at two study sites with different environmental characteristics. We used Bayesian hierarchical multinomial regression models to analyse the influence of both intrinsic (sex and age-dominance status) and extrinsic (environmental and climatic variables) factors on the above-ground activity budget. Marmots spent most of their time above ground foraging, and were more likely to forage when it was cloudy. Extrinsic factors such as the site, period of the season (June, July–August, and August–September), and time of the day were all related to the probability of engaging in vigilance behaviour, which reaches its peak in early morning and late afternoon and during July, the second period included in the study. Social behaviours, such as affiliative and agonistic behaviours, were associated mostly with sex and age-dominance status, and yearlings were the more affiliative individuals compared to other status. Overall, our results suggest that in alpine marmots, intrinsic factors mostly regulate agonistic and affiliative behaviours, while extrinsic factors, with the unexpected exception of temperature, affect the probabilities of engaging in all types of behavioural categories.Citation
Mammal Research, volume 67, issue 3, page 329-341Publisher
Springer Berlin HeidelbergType
articleDescription
From Springer Nature via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: received 2021-05-24, accepted 2022-02-07, registration 2022-02-08, pub-electronic 2022-03-15, online 2022-03-15, pub-print 2022-07
Publication status: Published
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
-
Publisher Correction: Situational factors shape moral judgements in the trolley dilemma in Eastern, Southern and Western countries in a culturally diverse sample.Bago, Bence; orcid: 0000-0001-6905-1832; Kovacs, Marton; orcid: 0000-0002-8142-8492; Protzko, John; orcid: 0000-0001-5710-8635; Nagy, Tamas; orcid: 0000-0001-5244-0356; Kekecs, Zoltan; orcid: 0000-0001-9247-9781; Palfi, Bence; orcid: 0000-0002-6739-8792; Adamkovic, Matus; Adamus, Sylwia; orcid: 0000-0002-7399-8735; Albalooshi, Sumaya; orcid: 0000-0002-3826-4795; Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan; orcid: 0000-0003-3412-4311; et al. (2022-06-06)
-
New insights into Perrault syndrome, a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder.Faridi, Rabia; orcid: 0000-0001-7788-8755; Rea, Alessandro; orcid: 0000-0002-6204-846X; Fenollar-Ferrer, Cristina; orcid: 0000-0003-4953-8891; O'Keefe, Raymond T; orcid: 0000-0001-8764-1289; Gu, Shoujun; Munir, Zunaira; orcid: 0000-0003-3342-9658; Khan, Asma Ali; orcid: 0000-0002-0894-3439; Riazuddin, Sheikh; orcid: 0000-0001-6012-0192; Hoa, Michael; orcid: 0000-0001-7469-2909; Naz, Sadaf; orcid: 0000-0002-1912-0235; et al. (2021-08-02)Hearing loss and impaired fertility are common human disorders each with multiple genetic causes. Sometimes deafness and impaired fertility, which are the hallmarks of Perrault syndrome, co-occur in a person. Perrault syndrome is inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by bilateral mild to severe childhood sensorineural hearing loss with variable age of onset in both sexes and ovarian dysfunction in females who have a 46, XX karyotype. Since the initial clinical description of Perrault syndrome 70 years ago, the phenotype of some subjects may additionally involve developmental delay, intellectual deficit and other neurological disabilities, which can vary in severity in part dependent upon the genetic variants and the gene involved. Here, we review the molecular genetics and clinical phenotype of Perrault syndrome and focus on supporting evidence for the eight genes (CLPP, ERAL1, GGPS1, HARS2, HSD17B4, LARS2, RMND1, TWNK) associated with Perrault syndrome. Variants of these eight genes only account for approximately half of the individuals with clinical features of Perrault syndrome where the molecular genetic base remains under investigation. Additional environmental etiologies and novel Perrault disease-associated genes remain to be identified to account for unresolved cases. We also report a new genetic variant of CLPP, computational structural insight about CLPP and single cell RNAseq data for eight reported Perrault syndrome genes suggesting a common cellular pathophysiology for this disorder. Some unanswered questions are raised to kindle future research about Perrault syndrome. [Abstract copyright: © 2021. This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply.]
-
Risk Governance of Emerging Technologies Demonstrated in Terms of its Applicability to Nanomaterials.Isigonis, Panagiotis; orcid: 0000-0002-8404-7708; Afantitis, Antreas; Antunes, Dalila; Bartonova, Alena; Beitollahi, Ali; Bohmer, Nils; Bouman, Evert; Chaudhry, Qasim; Cimpan, Mihaela Roxana; Cimpan, Emil; et al. (2020-07-23)Nanotechnologies have reached maturity and market penetration that require nano-specific changes in legislation and harmonization among legislation domains, such as the amendments to REACH for nanomaterials (NMs) which came into force in 2020. Thus, an assessment of the components and regulatory boundaries of NMs risk governance is timely, alongside related methods and tools, as part of the global efforts to optimise nanosafety and integrate it into product design processes, via Safe(r)-by-Design (SbD) concepts. This paper provides an overview of the state-of-the-art regarding risk governance of NMs and lays out the theoretical basis for the development and implementation of an effective, trustworthy and transparent risk governance framework for NMs. The proposed framework enables continuous integration of the evolving state of the science, leverages best practice from contiguous disciplines and facilitates responsive re-thinking of nanosafety governance to meet future needs. To achieve and operationalise such framework, a science-based Risk Governance Council (RGC) for NMs is being developed. The framework will provide a toolkit for independent NMs' risk governance and integrates needs and views of stakeholders. An extension of this framework to relevant advanced materials and emerging technologies is also envisaged, in view of future foundations of risk research in Europe and globally. [Abstract copyright: © 2020 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.]