Application of Virtual Reality and Electrodermal Activity for the Detection of Cognitive Impairments

Abstract

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a definition of the diagnosis of early memory loss and disorientation. This study aims to identify people’s symptoms through technology. However, machine learning (ML) can classify Cognitive Normal (CN) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Early Mild Cognitive Impairment (EMCI) using standard assessments from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI); Montreal Cognitive (MoCA), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ). Consequently, a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) model was assembled into tables; MCI vs CN, MCI vs EMCI, and CN vs MCI. Additionally, an MLP model was developed for CN vs MCI vs EMCI. As a result, of advanced model performance, a cascade 3-path categorisation approach was created. Similarly, the exploitation of meta-analysis indicated a combination of MLP models (MCI vs CN, MCI vs EMCI, and CN vs MCI) with an overall accuracy within an acceptable limit. In addition, better results were found when assessments were combined rather than individually. Furthermore, applying class weights and probability thresholds could improve the MLP framework by performance achieving a balanced specificity and sensitivity ratio. Altering class weights and probability thresholds when training the MLP neuro network model, the sensitivity and Accuracy could be progressed further. In conclusion, ML, VR and electrodermal activity are constrained. Introducing the possibility of activity-based applications to enhance innovative solutions for cognitive impairment diagnosis and treatment.