Paranoia and negative schema about the self and others: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors
Humphrey, CharlotteBucci, Sandra
Varese, Filippo
Degnan, Amy
Berry, Katherine; email: katherine.berry@manchester.ac.uk
Publication Date
2021-08-30Submitted date
2020-09-10
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Negative self and negative other schema have been implicated in the development of paranoia. The current study provides a meta-analysis, narrative review and quality appraisal of quantitative studies investigating the relationship between negative self and negative other schema and paranoia across the paranoia continuum. A systematic search identified 43 eligible studies; 25 were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analytic findings demonstrated a medium to large relationship between paranoia and negative self-schema (r = 0.46, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.53) and negative other schema (r = 0.48, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.56). The magnitude of associations was similar across people with and without psychosis. Findings demonstrated that associations between negative self-schema and paranoia were not always statistically significant when controlling for confounding variables, particularly depression. The association between negative other schema and paranoia tended to remain significant when controlling for confounding variables. Findings also demonstrated that negative schema may mediate relationships between adverse experiences in childhood and paranoia. Overall, findings support theoretical proposals that both negative self and negative other schema are associated with paranoia. Longitudinal studies are required to confirm the direction of effects. Findings provide support for incorporating and targeting negative self and negative other schema in psychological formulations and therapeutic work. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd.]Citation
Clinical psychology review, volume 90, page 102081Type
articleDescription
From PubMed via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: received 2020-09-10, revised 2021-04-26, accepted 2021-08-24
Publication status: aheadofprint