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    Three-dimensional optoacoustic imaging of nailfold capillaries in systemic sclerosis and its potential for disease differentiation using deep learning

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    Authors
    Nitkunanantharajah, Suhanyaa
    Haedicke, Katja
    Moore, Tonia B.
    Manning, Joanne B.
    Dinsdale, Graham
    Berks, Michael
    Taylor, Christopher
    Dickinson, Mark R.
    Jüstel, Dominik
    Ntziachristos, Vasilis
    Herrick, Ariane L.
    Murray, Andrea K.; email: andrea.murray@manchester.ac.uk
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    Publication Date
    2020-10-05
    Submitted date
    2020-05-07
    
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    Abstract
    Abstract: The autoimmune disease systemic sclerosis (SSc) causes microvascular changes that can be easily observed cutaneously at the finger nailfold. Optoacoustic imaging (OAI), a combination of optical and ultrasound imaging, specifically raster-scanning optoacoustic mesoscopy (RSOM), offers a non-invasive high-resolution 3D visualization of capillaries allowing for a better view of microvascular changes and an extraction of volumetric measures. In this study, nailfold capillaries of patients with SSc and healthy controls are imaged and compared with each other for the first time using OAI. The nailfolds of 23 patients with SSc and 19 controls were imaged using RSOM. The acquired images were qualitatively compared to images from state-of-the-art imaging tools for SSc, dermoscopy and high magnification capillaroscopy. The vascular volume in the nailfold capillaries were computed from the RSOM images. The vascular volumes differ significantly between both cohorts (0.216 ± 0.085 mm3 and 0.337 ± 0.110 mm3; p < 0.0005). In addition, an artificial neural network was trained to automatically differentiate nailfold images from both cohorts to further assess whether OAI is sensitive enough to visualize anatomical differences in the capillaries between the two cohorts. Using transfer learning, the model classifies images with an area under the ROC curve of 0.897, and a sensitivity of 0.783 and specificity of 0.895. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the capabilities of RSOM as an imaging tool for SSc and establishes it as a modality that facilitates more in-depth studies into the disease mechanisms and progression.
    Citation
    Scientific Reports, volume 10, issue 1, page 16444
    Publisher
    Nature Publishing Group UK
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10034/626035
    Type
    article
    Description
    From Springer Nature via Jisc Publications Router
    History: received 2020-05-07, accepted 2020-09-09, registration 2020-09-16, pub-electronic 2020-10-05, online 2020-10-05, collection 2020-12
    Publication status: Published
    Funder: Helmholtz Association; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100009318; Grant(s): i3 (ExNet-0022-Phase2-3)
    Funder: University of Manchester; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000770; Grant(s): MC_PC_16053
    Funder: Manchester Biomedical Research Centre; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100014653
    Funder: H2020 European Research Council; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663; Grant(s): No 694968 (PREMSOT)
    Funder: Arthritis Research UK,United Kingdom; Grant(s): 19465
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