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    Valorization of Aquatic Weed and Agricultural Residues for Innovative Biopolymer Production and Their Biodegradation

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    Authors
    Ungprasoot, Prapaipan; email: un_prapaipan@kkumail.com
    Muanruksa, Papasanee; email: m.papasanee@kkumail.com
    Tanamool, Varavut; email: varavut.t@nrru.ac.th
    Winterburn, James; email: James.Winterburn@Machester.ac.uk
    Kaewkannetra, Pakawadee; email: Pakawadee.kku@gmail.com
    Publication Date
    2021-08-24
    
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    Abstract
    In this work, water hyacinths, bagasse and rice straw were valorized to produce an innovative biopolymer. Serial steps of extraction, bleaching and conversion of cellulose to be carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as well as the last steps of blending and molding were performed. The CMC was mixed with tapioca starch solution by a ratio of 9:18, and a plastic sizer of glycerol was varied at 2%, 4% and 6% by volume. In addition, bioplastic sheets were further determined in their properties and biodegradation. The results revealed that bioplastics with 6% glycerol showed a high moisture content of 23% and water solubility was increased by about 47.94% over 24 h. The effect of temperature on bioplastic stability was found in the ranges of 146.28–169.25 °C. Furthermore, bioplastic sheets with 2% glycerol could maintain their shape. Moreover, for texture analysis, the highest elastic texture in the range of 33.74–38.68% with 6% glycerol was used. Moreover, bioplastics were then tested for their biodegradation by landfill method. Under natural conditions, they degraded at about 10.75% by weight over 24 h after burying in 10 cm soil depth. After 144 h, bioplastics were completely decomposed. Successfully, the application of water, weed and agricultural wastes as raw materials to produce innovative bioplastic showed maximum benefits for an environmentally friendly product, which could also be a guideline for an alternative to replace synthetic plastics derived from petroleum.
    Citation
    Polymers, volume 13, issue 17, page e2838
    Publisher
    MDPI
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10034/625689
    Type
    article
    Description
    From MDPI via Jisc Publications Router
    History: accepted 2021-08-17, pub-electronic 2021-08-24
    Publication status: Published
    Funder: National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT); Grant(s): National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT)
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