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dc.contributor.authorLeaper, Sebastian
dc.contributor.authorAbdel-Karim, Ahmed
dc.contributor.authorGorgojo, Patricia; email: p.gorgojo@manchester.ac.uk
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-15T15:43:22Z
dc.date.available2021-06-15T15:43:22Z
dc.date.issued2021-01-25
dc.date.submitted2020-04-01
dc.identifierhttps://chesterrep.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10034/624955/11705_2020_Article_1993_nlm.xml?sequence=2
dc.identifierhttps://chesterrep.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10034/624955/11705_2020_Article_1993.pdf?sequence=3
dc.identifier.citationFrontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering, volume 15, issue 4, page 755-774
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10034/624955
dc.descriptionFrom Springer Nature via Jisc Publications Router
dc.descriptionHistory: registration 2020-01-23, received 2020-04-01, accepted 2020-07-20, pub-electronic 2021-01-25, online 2021-01-25, pub-print 2021-08
dc.descriptionPublication status: Published
dc.description.abstractAbstract: Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermal-based separation technique with the potential to treat a wide range of water types for various applications and industries. Certain challenges remain however, which prevent it from becoming commercially widespread including moderate permeate flux, decline in separation performance over time due to pore wetting and high thermal energy requirements. Nevertheless, its attractive characteristics such as high rejection (ca. 100%) of nonvolatile species, its ability to treat highly saline solutions under low operating pressures (typically atmospheric) as well as its ability to operate at low temperatures, enabling waste-heat integration, continue to drive research interests globally. Of particular interest is the class of carbon-based nanomaterials which includes graphene and carbon nanotubes, whose wide range of properties have been exploited in an attempt to overcome the technical challenges that MD faces. These low dimensional materials exhibit properties such as high specific surface area, high strength, tuneable hydrophobicity, enhanced vapour transport, high thermal and electrical conductivity and others. Their use in MD has resulted in improved membrane performance characteristics like increased permeability and reduced fouling propensity. They have also enabled novel membrane capabilities such as in-situ fouling detection and localised heat generation. In this review we provide a brief introduction to MD and describe key membrane characteristics and fabrication methods. We then give an account of the various uses of carbon nanomaterials for MD applications, focussing on polymeric membrane systems. Future research directions based on the findings are also suggested.
dc.languageen
dc.publisherHigher Education Press
dc.rightsLicence for this article: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.sourcepissn: 2095-0179
dc.sourceeissn: 2095-0187
dc.subjectReview Article
dc.subjectcarbon nanomaterials
dc.subjectgraphene
dc.subjectmembrane distillation
dc.subjectdesalination
dc.subjectcarbon nanotubes
dc.titleThe use of carbon nanomaterials in membrane distillation membranes: a review
dc.typearticle
dc.date.updated2021-06-15T15:43:21Z
dc.date.accepted2020-07-20


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