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    Turning turtle: scaling relationships and self-righting ability in Chelydra serpentina

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    Authors
    Ruhr, Ilan M.; orcid: 0000-0001-9243-7055
    Rose, Kayleigh A. R.; orcid: 0000-0001-7023-2809
    Sellers, William I.; orcid: 0000-0002-2913-5406
    Crossley, Dane A., II; orcid: 0000-0001-9683-7013
    Codd, Jonathan R.; orcid: 0000-0003-0211-1786; email: jonathan.codd@manchester.ac.uk
    Publication Date
    2021-03-03
    Submitted date
    2021-01-26
    
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    Abstract
    Testudines are susceptible to inversion and self-righting using their necks, limbs or both, to generate enough mechanical force to flip over. We investigated how shell morphology, neck length and self-righting biomechanics scale with body mass during ontogeny in Chelydra serpentina, which uses neck-powered self-righting. We found that younger turtles flipped over twice as fast as older individuals. A simple geometric model predicted the relationships of shell shape and self-righting time with body mass. Conversely, neck force, power output and kinetic energy increase with body mass at rates greater than predicted. These findings were correlated with relatively longer necks in younger turtles than would be predicted by geometric similarity. Therefore, younger turtles self-right with lower biomechanical costs than predicted by simple scaling theory. Considering younger turtles are more prone to inverting and their shells offer less protection, faster and less costly self-righting would be advantageous in overcoming the detriments of inversion.
    Citation
    Proceedings of the Royal Society B, volume 288, issue 1946, page 20210213
    Publisher
    The Royal Society
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10034/624800
    Type
    article
    Description
    From The Royal Society via Jisc Publications Router
    History: received 2021-01-26, accepted 2021-01-28, pub-electronic 2021-03-03, pub-print 2021-03-10
    Article version: VoR
    Publication status: Published
    Funder: Leverhulme Trust; Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000275; Grant(s): RPG-2019-104
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