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dc.contributor.authorChan, Chi-Wai
dc.contributor.authorChang, Xianwen
dc.contributor.authorBozorgzadeh, Mohammad Amin
dc.contributor.authorSmith, Graham C.
dc.contributor.authorLee, Seunghwan
dc.date.accessioned2020-01-07T08:55:11Z
dc.date.available2020-01-07T08:55:11Z
dc.date.issued2019-12-13
dc.identifierhttps://chesterrep.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10034/622936/Beta-Nb%20rich%20TiNb%20laser%20nitriding%20Surf%20Coat%20Technol%202020%20for%20Chester%20Rep.pdf?sequence=1
dc.identifier.citationChan, C. W., Chang, X., Bozorgzadeh, M. A., Smith, G. C., & Lee, S. (2019). A single parameter approach to enhance the microstructural and mechanical properties of beta Ti-Nb alloy via open-air fiber laser nitriding. Surface and Coatings Technology, 125269.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.125269
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10034/622936
dc.description.abstractIn this study, the idea of applying open-air laser nitriding to improve the microstructural and mechanical properties of beta Ti-45 at.% Nb alloy was demonstrated. Surface cracking after laser nitriding is one of the main reasons impeding direct translation of the laser nitriding technique from the laboratories to industries as cracks can be the weak points to initiate mechanical and corrosion failures in long-term usage. With proper selection of duty cycle (DC) between 40% (modulated mode) and 100% (continuous wave, CW mode) to control the laser energy input and laser-material-gas interaction time, the cracking problems of laser nitriding can be alleviated and even solved. A crack-free and uniformly gold-coloured nitrided surface was successfully obtained at the DC of 40% in this study. The morphology, microstructure, composition and mechanical properties of the nitrided samples were studied and analysed by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), SEM-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Vickers micro-hardness tests. The OM results indicated that minimum overlapping between the laser tracks would give desirable results to obtain the crack-free surface. The measurements from the SEM micrographs indicated the depth of the laser-nitrided areas ranged between 22 and 43 µm. The XRD findings showed that a clear conversion of the TiNb surface to a nitride as a result of laser nitriding was observed. The maximum hardness, as measured by the Vickers method in cross-sections, lay in the range of 780 to 870 HV after laser nitriding. To summarise, control of DC to obtain a crack free and quality surface via fiber laser nitriding in open air is a simpler and quicker approach in comparison with the conventional substrate preheating and nitrogen (N) dilution approaches. The single-parameter approach is more efficient than parameter optimisation via design of experiments (DOE) employed in conventional methods.en_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.relation.urlhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0257897219312599?via%3Dihuben_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en_US
dc.subjectbeta Ti-Nb alloysen_US
dc.subjectLaser nitridingen_US
dc.subjectFiber Laseren_US
dc.subjectTitanium Nitride (TiN)en_US
dc.subjectOrthopaedicsen_US
dc.titleA single parameter approach to enhance the microstructural and mechanical properties of beta Ti-Nb alloy via open-air fiber laser nitridingen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.eissn1879-3347en_US
dc.contributor.departmentQueen's University Belfast, Technical University of Denmark, University of Chesteren_US
dc.identifier.journalSurface and Coatings Technologyen_US
or.grant.openaccessYesen_US
rioxxterms.funderunfundeden_US
rioxxterms.identifier.projectunfundeden_US
rioxxterms.versionAMen_US
rioxxterms.versionofrecordhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.125269en_US
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate2020-12-13
rioxxterms.publicationdate2019-12-13
dc.dateAccepted2019-12-12
dc.date.deposited2020-01-07en_US
dc.indentifier.issn0257-8972en_US


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