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Antibacterial, Remineralising and Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibiting Scandium-doped Phosphate Glasses for Treatment of Dental Caries
Valappil, Sabeel P. Abou Neel, Ensanya A. Pickup, David M. Burden, Emily Sahdev, Rohan Miles, Emma J. Cooper, Lee Ansari, Tahera I. Hanna, John V. Higham, Susan M.
Valappil, Sabeel P.
Abou Neel, Ensanya A.
Pickup, David M.
Burden, Emily
Sahdev, Rohan
Miles, Emma J.
Cooper, Lee
Ansari, Tahera I.
Hanna, John V.
Higham, Susan M.
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2021-11-22
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Abstract
Objectives: Antibiotic resistance is increasingly a growing global threat. This study aimed to investigate the potential use of newly developed scandium-doped phosphate-based glasses (Sc-PBGs) as an antibacterial and anticariogenic agent through controlled release of Sc3+ ions.
Methods: Sc-PBGs with various calcium and sodium oxide contents were produced and characterised using thermal and spectroscopic analysis. Degradation behaviour, ion release, antibacterial action against Streptococcus mutans, anti-matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity, remineralisation potential and in vivo biocompatibility were also investigated.
Results: The developed glass system showed linear Sc3+ ions release over time. The released Sc3+ shows statistically significant inhibition of S. mutans biofilm (1.2 log10 CFU reduction at 6 h) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity, compared with Sc-free glass and positive control. When Sc-PBGs were mounted alongside enamel sections, subjected to acidic challenges, alternating hyper- and hypomineralisation layers consistent with periods of re- and demineralisation were observed demonstrating their potential remineralising action. Furthermore, Sc-PBGs produced a non-toxic response when implanted subcutaneously for 2 weeks in Sprague Dawley rats.
Significance: Since Sc3+ ions might act on various enzymes essential to the biological mechanisms underlying caries, Sc-PBGs could be a promising therapeutic agent against cariogenic bacteria.
Citation
Valappil, S. P., Abou Neel, E. A., Pickup, D. M., Burden, E., Sahdev, R., Miles, E. J., Cooper, L., Ansari, T. I., Hanna, J. V., & Higham, S. M. (2022). Antibacterial, remineralising and matrix metalloproteinase inhibiting scandium-doped phosphate glasses for treatment of dental caries. Dental Materials, 38(1), 94-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2021.10.014
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Elsevier
Journal
Dental Materials
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ISSN
0109-5641